MAKNA DAN FUNGSI KAIN ULOS PADA PUSAT LATIHAN OPERA BATAK PEMATANG SIANTAR (PLOt) DI PEMATANG SIANTAR PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v10i1.24824Abstract
Ulos is a traditional Batak clothing that we can find in traditional events; birth, marriage, death and other Batak traditional ceremonies such as: Mandailing, Pakpak, Dairi, Sipirok-Angkola and Karo. Apart from being a typical cloth in the Batak community, Ulos is believed to be able to create a feeling of warmth and raise tondi (raga) because of the 'sacred' element inherent in Ulos. In the past, Ulos cloth was woven by 'spiritual' weavers using natural dyes. Ulos cloth is also a regional marker cloth; social level, and clan (surname). So not just any Ulos cloth can be given to someone or the community. Batak Opera Training Center (PLOt) Pematang Siantar. North Sumatra is one of the Ulos cloth user communities in every activity. The Batak Opera Group has undoubtedly existed until now. His performances reached many countries. The plays that are played also tell about the life of the Batak people and the epics of Batak heroism. The group's mission is to protect cultural heritage and develop traditional arts. For this reason, every stage of the PLOt is faithful in using hand-woven Ulos cloth. Judging from the patterns, colors and motifs of the Ulos fabrics used by PLOt, they seem "luxurious" because of their artistic value. This, of course, is not just any modification made by PLOt because the function and meaning of Ulos cloth is culturally meaningful with customary provisions. In this regard, we tried to examine the function and meaning of the Ulos cloth in the Batak Opera Training Center group which is domiciled in Pematang Siantar. North Sumatra. This research is also part of the task of the Center for Traditional Clothing Studies, which is not only examining patterns and motifs but furthermore the use of Ulos cloth outside of traditional events and traditional ceremonies.Keywords: ulos, custom, meaning, function, PLOt. AbstrakUlos merupakan pakaian tradisi yang dapat kita lihat dalam berbagai acara adat Batak seperti; lahiran, pernikahan, kematian dan upacara-upacara adat Batak lainnya di sub Batak; Mandailing, Pakpak, Dairi, Sipirok-Angkola dan Karo. Selain sebagai kain khas di masyarakat Batak, Ulos diyakini dapat menimbulkan rasa hangat dan menaikkan tondi (raga) karena unsur ˜sakral™ yang melekat didalam Ulos. Pada masa lalu kain Ulos ditenun oleh penenun ˜spritual™ dengan menggunakan pewarna alami. Kain Ulos juga merupakan kain penanda daerah; tingkatan sosial dan marga (nama keluarga). Maka tidak sembarang kain Ulos dapat diberikan kepada seseorang ataupun komunitas. Pusat Latihan Opera Batak (PLOt) Pematang Siantar. Sumatera Utara salah satu komunitas pengguna kain Ulos dalam setiap kegiatannya. Group Opera Batak ini sampai sekarang masih bertahan dan eksis dalam berbagai pertunjukan. Pentas-pentasnya merambah banyak negara. Lakon-lakon yang dimainkan berkisah tentang kehidupan masyarakat Batak dan epos kepahlawanan Batak. Misi group ini menjaga warisan budaya dan mengembangkan seni tradisi. Untuk itu, setiap pemanggungannya PLOt setia dalam menggunakan kain Ulos hasil tenunan tangan. Dilihat dari corak, warna dan motif kain-kain Ulos yang digunakan PLOt terkesan ˜mewah™ karena nilai artistik didalamnya. Hal ini, tentunya tidak sembarang modifikasi yang dilakukan oleh PLOt karena fungsi dan makna kain Ulos secara budaya memiliki arti yang sarat dengan ketentuan adat. Dalam hal tersebut, kami mencoba meneliti fungsi dan makna kain Ulos pada group Pusat Latihan Opera Batak yang berdomisili di Pematang Siantar. Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini juga sebagai bagian dari tugas Pusat Kajian Pakaian Tradisi yang tidak saja meneliti corak dan motif tapi lebih jauh penggunaan kain Ulos diluar acara adat dan upacara-upacara adat.Kata Kunci: ulos, adat, makna, fungsi, PLOt.Authors: Enrico Alamo : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangMeria Eliza : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangGiat Syailillah : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangReferences:Alamo, E., Minawati, R., Sulaiman, S., & Novalinda, S. (2020). Opera Batak Sisingamangaraja XII Episode Ugamo Malim Horja Bolon Na Parpudi: Usungan Tradisi dan Kontemporer. Dance and Theatre Review: Jurnal Tari, Teater, dan Wayang, 3(2), 59. https://doi.org/10.24821/dtr.v3i2.4418.Emir. Threes dan Wattimena. Samuel. (2017). Pesona Kain Indonesa, Kain Ulos Danau Toba. Jakarta: Kompas Gramedia.Hariwijaya, M. (2007). Metodologi dan Tehnik Penulisan Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasi. _______: Elmatera Publishing.Harahap, B.H. dan H.M. Siahaan. (1987). 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Published
2021-05-07
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Alamo, E., Eliza, M., & Syailillah, G. (2021). MAKNA DAN FUNGSI KAIN ULOS PADA PUSAT LATIHAN OPERA BATAK PEMATANG SIANTAR (PLOt) DI PEMATANG SIANTAR PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA. Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa, 10(1), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v10i1.24824
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