PERKEMBANGAN FUNGSI SENI KERAJINAN TENUN SONGKET SILUNGKANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v8i1.13585Abstract
AbstrakMotif tenun songket Silungkang yang ada pada sehelai kain dahulu sangat kaya dengan motif-motif yang mempunyai nilai-nilai estetika yan tinggi dan membutuhkan proses penciptaan dan pembuatan yang panjang dan lama. Sekarang motif yang ada cendrung berbentuk praktis dan sederhana, tidak memakai banyak motif, motifnya sudah dimodifikasi sesederhana mungkin. Pada waktu sekarang unsur-unsur yang dibuat cendrung berdasarkan nilai-nilai estetika semata yang mengarah kepada fungsi dekoratif, hanya sebagai hiasan saja. Kadang kala sipemakai perlengkapan pakaian adat tidak bisa menjelaskan makna-makna filosofis apa yang terkandung didalamnya. Ada juga sipemesan pakaian adat tersebut menyerahkan sepenuhnya kepada sipenenun soal motif apa yang akan digunakan pada perlengkapan pakaian adat. Di daerah Silungkang, masyarakat perajin tenun songket untuk keperluan pakaian adat hanya memproduksi kalau ada yang memesan saja. Sehubungan dengan ini, lebih jauh seni kerajinan tenun songket bisa diamati menurut fungsi suatu karya seni. Feldman (1967: 3), menjelaskan bahwa fungsi-fungsi seni yang sudah berlangsung sejak zaman dahulu, adalah untuk memuaskan: (1) Kebutuhan-kebutuhan individu kita tentang ekspresi pribadi, (2) Kebutuhan-kebutuhan sosial kita untuk keperluan display, perayaan dan komunikasi, serta (3) Kebutuhan-kebutuhan fisik kita mengenai barang-barang dan bangunan yang bermanfaat. Lebih jauh, dalam pengertian luas, Felmand membagi fungsi seni menjadi tiga bagian, yaitu: Fungsi personal (perseonal function of art), fungsi sosial (the social function of art), dan fungsi fisik (physical function of art). Untuk mempelajari masalah-masalah yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan fungsi seni kerajinan tenun songket silungkang sumatra Barat, digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Metode penelitian kualitatif ini menuntut sebanyak mungkin kepada penelitinya untuk melakukan sendiri kegiatan penelitian di lapangan (sebagai tangan pertama yang mengalami langsung di lapangan), sehingga si peneliti akan lebih mengerti dengan apa yang ditelitinya, dan juga dapat menambah wawasannya lebih jauh lagi atau lebih mendalam tentang apa yang diteliti. . Kata Kunci: seni, kerajinan, tenun, songket, silungkang.AbstractSilungkang™s songket weaving motif on a piece of cloth was very rich with motifs that had high aesthetic values and needed a long and long process of creation and manufacture. Now the existing motifs are in the form of practical and simple, not using many motifs, the motives have been modified as simple as possible. At present the elements that are made tend to be based on mere aesthetic values that lead to decorative functions, only as decoration. Sometimes people who wear traditional clothing can not explain what philosophical meanings are contained in it. There are also orders for traditional clothing that fully surrender to the weavers about what motifs will be used on traditional clothing. In the Silungkang area, people who produce songket weaving for custom clothing only produce it if someone orders it. In connection with this, furthermore the art of songket weaving can be observed according to the function of a work of art. Feldman (1967: 3), explained that the functions of art that had been going on since ancient times were to satisfy: (1) Our individual needs regarding personal expression, (2) Our social needs for display, celebration and communication, and (3) Our physical needs regarding useful goods and buildings. Furthermore, in a broad sense, Felmand divides the function of art into three parts, namely: (perseonal function of art), (the social function of art), and (physical function of art). To study the problems related to the development of the function of West Sumatran silungkang songket weaving craft, qualitative research methods were used. This qualitative research method requires as many researchers as possible to conduct their own research activities in the field (as first hand experience directly in the field), so that the researcher will better understand what he is researching, and can also add further insight or more depth about what her research. Keywords: art, craft, weaving, songket, silungkang.Downloads
Published
2019-07-02
How to Cite
Pebriyeni, E. (2019). PERKEMBANGAN FUNGSI SENI KERAJINAN TENUN SONGKET SILUNGKANG. Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa, 8(1), 214–221. https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v8i1.13585
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Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa
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Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.