RATOK SI BUNSU: INTERPRETASI ILAU KE KOMPOSISI PENDEKATAN TRADISI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/gr.v12i2.49076Keywords:
ratok si bunsu, interpretasi ilau, dendang ratok ilau, pendekatan tradisiAbstract
a tradition of the Solok people in the form of sadness or lamentation which can be found in the Kampai Tabu Karambia Village, Solok City. The function of the bailau was as a medium of information (notification) when a member of the community died overseas whose body could not be brought back to their hometown. Currently, bailau Ilau is only a performing art that is exhibited at certain traditional events so that it becomes bailau creations. Dendang ratok ilau is a source in the creation of new musical compositions, which has a musical phenomenon, namely there is a vocal technique called opmaat and also a tone mode which, if sequenced, can be found tones C, D, Dis, G, and A with intervals of 1, ½, 1 ½ , 1. Ratok Si Bunsu's work was worked on by the method of creating observation, discussion, exploration, realization, guidance, and completion using a traditional approach with the instruments saluang, rabab, canang, gong, ganto, karinding, and gandang tambua. The result of this work is that the creator divides the work into two parts. The first part of the artist's work on the dendang ratok ilau melody uses the principle of combining the two traditional vocals found in bailau art, but there are several tones used to enrich the form of the work. In the second part, the composer develops the melodies found in dendang ratok ilau into several forms of new melodies with vocals and melodic instruments and is reinforced with non-melodic instruments. It can be concluded that working on a composition based on traditional art is not an easy thing, but you have to study and understand the background of the traditional art itself.Keywords: ilau interpretation, ratok si bunsu. AbstrakIlau adalah tradisi masyarakat Solok berupa kesedihan atau ratapan yang bisa ditemui di Kelurahan Kampai Tabu Karambia Kota Solok. Fungsi bailau dahulunya sebagai media informasi (pemberitahuan) ketika salah seorang anggota masyarakat meninggal di perantauan yang jenazahnya tidak bisa dibawa pulang ke kampung halaman. Sekarang ini, bailau hanya sebagai seni pertunjukan yang dipertontonkan pada acara adat tertentu sehingga menjadi bailau kreasi. Dendang ratok ilau menjadi sumber dalam penggarapan komposisi musik baru, yang memiliki fenomena musikal yaitu terdapat teknik vokal yang disebut dengan opmaat dan juga modus nada yang jika diurutkan ditemui nada C, D, Dis, G, dan A dengan interval 1, ½, 1 ½, 1. Karya Ratok Si Bunsu digarap dengan metode penciptaan observasi, diskusi, eksplorasi, realisasi, bimbingan, dan penyelesaian menggunakan pendekatan tradisi dengan instrumen saluang, rabab, canang, gong, ganto, karinding, dan gandang tambua. Hasil dari karya ini adalah pengkarya membagi karya dalam dua bagian. Bagian pertama pengkarya menggarap melodi dendang ratok ilau menggunakan prinsip menggabungkan kedua vokal tradisi yang terdapat pada kesenian bailau, akan tetapi ada beberapa nada yang digunakan untuk memperkaya bentuk garapan. Pada bagian kedua, pengkarya mengembangkan melodi yang terdapat pada dendang ratok ilau menjadi beberapa bentuk melodi baru dengan vokal dan instrumen melodis serta diperkuat dengan instrumen non melodis. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggarap sebuah komposisi yang berangkat dari kesenian tradisi itu bukanlah hal yang mudah, melainkan harus mempelajari dan memahami latar belakang dari kesenian tradisi itu sendiri.Kata Kunci: interpretasi ilau, ratok si bunsu. Authors:Fitri Rahmadhani : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangAsril : Institut Seni Indonesia PadangpanjangM. Halim : Institut Seni Indonesia Padangpanjang References:Arizal, A. (2023). œIstilah Ratok Si Bunsu. Hasil Wawancara Pribadi: 23 Januari 2023, Koto Baru Solok. Basrul, Y. (2023). œBailau di KTK Solok. Hasil Wawancara Pribadi: 22 Januari 2023, KTK Solok. Herdianto, F., Yusnelli, Y., & Antara, F. (2021). Komposisi Musik Badondong Baibo dalam Musik Instrmental. GORGA: Jurnal Seni Rupa, 10(1), 115-124. https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/gorga/article/view/24912/15760Malik, C. (2018). Makna Ratok Ilau pada Pertunjukan Bailau di Kampai Tabu Karambia Kota Solok Sumatera Barat. https://lib.pasca.isi.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=4334Neng, N. (2023). œBailau di KTK Solok. Hasil Wawancara Pribadi: 22 Januari 2023, KTK Solok.Supanggah, R. (2007). Garap Bothekan Karawitan II. Surakarta: ISI Press Surakarta.Syofia, N. (2010). Tari Ilau sebagai Identitas dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat di Kelurahan Kampai Tabu Karambia Kota Solok Sumatera Barat. Tesis Program Pasca Sarjana ISI Padangpanjang.Tegar, K. (2023). Deskripsi dan Transkripsi Bailau pada Laman Youtube Andi Jagger dan Bidang Promosi dan Kebudayaan Dispar Kota Solok (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Andalas).https://pustaka.fk.unand.ac.id/2016-04-11-15-04-06/skripsi-thesis-disertasi.Downloads
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