OPTIMALISASI PORTOFOLIO SAHAM-SAHAM LQ-45 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/jmk.v4i1.11859Abstract
ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memilih dan membentuk sebuah portofolio optimal dari aset-aset berisiko (saham) pada Indeks Liquiditas 45 (LQ-45) dengan menggunakan Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Sebanyak 45 saham di LQ-45 yang diperoleh dari www.finance.yahoo.com kemudian diseleksi untuk didapatkan lima saham terbaik dengan kriteria returnpositif, beta saham agresif, saham undervalued, dan koefisien variasi positif terkecil. Dengan empat kategori sebelumnya kemudian diperoleh lima saham terbaik yaitu saham Unilever Indonesia Tbk. (UNVR), saham Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. (BBNI), saham HM Sampoerna Tbk. (HMSP), saham Adaro Energy Tbk. (ADRO), dan saham Indocement Tunggal Prakasa Tbk. (INTP). Kriteria portofolio optimal pada penelitian ini adalah portofolio optimal berdasarkan Model Markowitz dengan preferensi return dan risiko dari saham-saham individual, bukan salah satu di antara keduanya. Pembentukan portofolio optimal termasuk menghitung varian, kovarian, dan bobot masing-masing saham, serta return dan risiko portofolio yang dibantu dengan Microsoft Excel Solver add-ins. Fungsi objektif dari optimalisasi ini adalah meminimumkan varian dari portofolio (atau standar deviasi portofolio) sehingga diperoleh output yaitu bobot kelima saham dalam portofolio optimal. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh sebuah portofolio optimal dengan kombinasi dari kelima saham unggul dengan bobot berturut-turut 65.4 %, 0.0 %, 20.6 %, 14.0 %, dan 0.0 %. Return dan risiko portofolio optimal tersebut berturut-turut 2.4408 % dan 3.7072 %.Kata Kunci: CAPM, LQ-45, Portofolio Optimal, Model MarkowitzABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to select and to form an optimal portfolio from risky assets (stocks) listed in Indeks Liquiditas 45 (LQ-45) using Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). There are 45 stocks listed in LQ-45 which obtained from www.finance.yahoo.com to be selected aiming to choose five best stocks categorized by positive return stocks, aggressive beta stocks, undervalued stocks, and stocks with least positive coefficient of variation. Using four categorizes mentioned before, the five best stocks are stock of Unilever Indonesia Tbk. (UNVR), Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. (BBNI), HM Sampoerna Tbk. (HMSP), Adaro Energy Tbk. (ADRO), and Indocement Tunggal Prakasa Tbk. (INTP). The optimal portfolio™s criteria in this research is based on Markowitz Model using return and risk preferences of the individual stocks. The forming of the optimal portfolio includes calculating variances, covariances, and weights of stocks, and also return and risk of the portfolio utilizing Microsoft Excel Solver add-ins software. The objective function of the optimalization is minimizing the variance of the portofolio (or the deviation standard of the portfolio) such that generated the weights of the five stocks as the outputs of the minimization. Therefore, there is a combination of the stocks forming an optimal portfolio that is including 65.4 % of UNVR, 0.0% of BBNI, 20.6 % of HMSP, 14.0 % of ADRO, dan 0.0 % of INTP. The return and the risk of the portfolio are 2.4408 % and 3.7072 %. Keywords : CAPM, LQ-45, OptimalPortofolio,MarkowitzModelDownloads
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2018-04-06
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