Eksistensi Sistem Tenurial Tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar Menghadapi Deagrarianisasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/antro.v10i1.59533Keywords:
Alih fungsi lahan, deagrarianisasi, sistem tenurial tradisional, Masyarakat Adat Cipta GelarAbstract
Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar merupakan masyarakat yang sebagian besar mengusahakan pertanian. Tanah pertanian menjadi penopang kehidupan yang sangat penting bagi mereka. Meskipun demikian, pada tahun 2001 sampai dengan 2022, terjadi perubahan lahan pertanian secara drastis menjadi permukiman dan homestay. Berkurangnya lahan pertanian merupakan gejala deagrarianisasi yang bisa menjadi ancaman serius bagi Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan eksistensi sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Ciptagelar di tengah ancaman deagrarianisasi akibat alih fungsi lahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode etnografi cepat. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan melakukan visualisasi lanskap dan kategorisasi praktik budaya pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deagrarianisasi tidak mengubah sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar. Dari empat gejala yang menandai terjadinya deagrarianisasi yaitu: dislokasi nafkah, penurunan kemampuan untuk berswasembada pangan dan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, dis-eksistensi agraris, dan relokasi spasial, hanya relokasi spasial yang ditemukan. Situasi ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar masih lestari dan masih memberikan jaminan keberlanjutan bagi generasi berikutnya. Cipta Gelar Indigenous Community is a community that mostly practices agriculture. Agricultural land is a ver important life support for them. However, from 2001 to 2022, there was a drastic change in agricultural land into residential areas and homestays. The reduction in agricultural land is a symptom of deagrarianization which could be a serious threat to the Cipta Gelar Indigenous Community. This article aims to explain the existence of the traditional tenure system of the Ciptagelar Indigenous Community amidst the threat of deagrarianization due to land conversion. This research was conducted using rapid ethnographic methods. Data collection techniques were carried out through participant observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by visualizing the landscape and categorizing agricultural cultural practices. The research results show that deagrarianization does not change the traditional tenure system of the Cipta Gelar Indigenous People. Of the four symptoms that mark the occurrence of deagrarianization, namely: dislocation of livelihood, decreased ability to be self-sufficient in food and fulfill basic needs, agrarian dis-existence, and spatial relocation, only spatial relocation was found. This situation shows that the traditional tenure system of the Cipta Gelar Indigenous People is still sustainable and still provides a guarantee of continuity for the next generation.References
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