Analisis Tingkat Kemiskinan di Sumatera Utara dan Hubungannya dengan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24114/antro.v9i1.52359Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, dan kaitannya dengan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional, memanfaatkan data sekunder dari BPS tahun 2022. Analisis tingkat kemiskinan digunakan data persentasi penduduk miskin, Indeks kedalaman dan Keparahan Kemiskinan. Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) dihitung berdasarkan komponen IPM yang terdiri atas umur panjang dan hidup sehat, pengetahuan dan standar hidup layak. Analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk mengamati hubungan persentase kemiskinan, tingkat kedalaman dan keparahan kemiskinan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentasi kemiskinan (P0), tingkat kedalaman (P1), tingkat Keparahan (P2) Kemiskinan berkorelasi negatif signifikan terhadap IPM di Provinsi Sumatera Utara; sedangkan rata-rata lama sekolah, harapan lama sekolah, umur harapan hidup dan besar pengeluaran ril perkapita yang disesuaikan berkorelasi positif signifikan terhadap IPM. Terdapat hubungan negatif meskipun tidak signifikan antara kemiskinan (P0), tingkat kedalaman (P1) dan keparahan (P2) kemiskinan terhadap stunting, namun tidak ada hubungan dengan BBLR. Kemiskinan dan ketimpangan secara bersama-sama berkontribusi sebesar 77.4 % terhadap IPM di Provinsi Sumatera Utara.References
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